As the demand for solar energy continues to rise, it is projected to surpass the global market demand of solar modules over 550 GW in 2024 (Fig. 1). The growing need for solar energy has prompted the exploration of innovative approaches for the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. One such approach involves the vertical installation of PV systems.
Solar panels are typically installed on rooftops or open fields, with a tilt to receive maximum sunlight exposure. Vertical mounting is becoming more popular in urban environments and areas with specific location and aesthetic constraints due to its unique benefits and applications.
Benefits of Vertically Mounted Solar PV Systems
Urban areas with high population density frequently face constraints on horizontal space. Vertically mounted solar photovoltaic (PV) systems can be strategically installed on building facades, effectively utilizing vertical surfaces that would otherwise be underutilized. This method is especially advantageous for high-rise structures and commercial establishments that possess large wall areas.
The visual appeal of architecture plays a vital role in the field of urban planning. Solar panels that are mounted vertically can effectively fit into the building’s design, serving as both a source of renewable energy and an attractive architectural element. This integration has the potential to elevate the aesthetic appeal of the building while also promoting sustainability.
Horizontal and tilted solar panels are susceptible to the accumulation of dust and debris, thereby drop in their efficiency. In contrast, vertically mounted panels exhibit reduced soiling due to their orientation. Rainwater can enhance the cleaning process of solar panels, thus preserving their long-term performance.
In snow prone areas, vertically integrated bifacial solar PV systems can be a great solution to boost production from the both sides of panels (Fig. 3). During the winter months, if the panels are completely covered by snow for an extended period of time, it is possible that the sun’s rays may not be able to reach the panels. Vertical solar panels are the most effective solution for areas where snow limits the amount of solar energy reaching the panels. This ensures that even during the cold months, when sunny days are unused, the panels can still generate power efficiently.
The efficiency of vertical solar panels in capturing sunlight varies depending on geographic location and seasonal changes. For instance, in regions with high latitudes, vertical panels have the advantage of receiving more direct sunlight compared to tilted panels.
Investing in vertical solar panels can be a worth decision depending upon specific factors like, building orientation, location and enough wall space. Under specific circumstances, these panels can be equally as effective as conventional rooftop panels and even provide distinct benefits, such as enhanced performance in winter.
In a nutshell, Vertical solar photovoltaic systems offer a promising and innovative solution for expanding solar power generation, particularly in urban areas with limited horizontal space. Vertical surfaces can greatly improve the sustainability of buildings and infrastructure, adding to the aesthetic appeal of urban landscapes. With the rapid advancement of technology and the increasing need for sustainable energy sources, vertical solar photovoltaic systems are set to become a crucial component in the worldwide shift towards renewable energy.
